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What are ETFs?

Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) are investments that allow investors to build a well-balanced and globally diversified portfolio for a fraction of the cost of mutual funds. The most common approach by investors is to build a low-cost, low-maintenance core Couch Potato portfolio . (After the jump, scroll down to read Option 4: Build your own ETF portfolio. In the same post, you’ll also find one-ticket asset-allocation ETFs. The one-ticket options are all-in-one managed ETF portfolio options available at various risk levels.) You’ll find asset allocation ETF options on this ETF Finder tool. You can also choose to add additional assets and go the advanced couch potato route. (The MoneySense ETF expert panel offers this list of the Best ETFs in Canada , too.)

How to build an ETF portfolio

If you want to build your own ETF portfolio or find a one-ticket option, the MoneySense ETF Finder tool makes it easy to curate the right ETFs for your needs.

Investors can build a core portfolio and also explore other investing options for greater growth. You can invest in ETFs with themes, such as electric vehicles (EV), artificial intelligence (AI) and others. You can also choose to shade in higher income or to focus on dividends. This is what’s called “core and explore investing.” ( Here’s how to master core and explore investing. ) These explore options are available in the MoneySense ETF Finder tool.

The environmental, social and governance (ESG) section allows you to find ETFs that focus on sustainable investing.

Did you know that Canada was first in the world to offer cryptocurrency ETFs? It’s true. And here, you’ll find ETF options with bitcoin and ethereum.

To take advantage of the benefits of a lower-fee ETF portfolio in concert with investment advice, check out our list of the best robo-advisors in Canada .

We hope you enjoy using the MoneySense ETF Finder tool, and we’re glad that you’ve found a new way to consider your investments. We’ll continue to work on this tool to enhance your experience and grow our ETF database. Feel free to leave feedback in the comment section below.

As with any personal finance decision, it’s important to understand and evaluate the risks associated with every financial and investment product before investing.

Disclaimer: The returns and yields displayed below are a snapshot in time from the third quarter of 2021. Please visit the websites of the individual ETF providers for updated figures. Returns and yields are updated quarterly. Ensure you understand the risks and tax consequences when investing. For more information, contact a qualified and certified financial advisor.

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Investors can build a well-balanced ETF portfolio with a mix of equities (stocks), real estate investment trusts (REITs), commodities and bonds. The equities are the growth drivers for the portfolio. Diversification can be achieved by holding Canadian, U.S. and international equities.

REITs can also be growth drivers, and they add greater diversification beyond stocks and bonds. REITs are also known to be a useful inflation hedge.

Commodities can be the most dependable inflation hedge for periods of unexpected inflation or stagflation.

Bonds can be used to lessen the volatility in a portfolio, though that will come at the expense of higher returns over longer periods.

Sub-category	Geography	Provider	Index	ETF ticker	Annual returns from inception	Inception	MER	Yield
Equity	Canada		MSCI Canada ESG Leaders Index	ESGA*	14.01%	01-15-2020	0.17%	2.71%
Equity	Canada		S&P/TSX Composite Index (TR)	TQCD*	4.46%	11-20-2019	0.40%	4.10%
Equity	Canada	iShares	TSX Capped Composite	XIC	7.00%	02-16-2011	0.18%	2.47%
Equity	Canada	Vanguard	FTSE Canada Domestic Index	VCE	8.6%	11-30-2011	0.05%	2.86%
Equity	Canada	CI Global Asset Management	Solactive Canada Broad Market Index	CCDN	NA	09-12-2021	.05%* Management fee	NA
Equity	US		MSCI USA Quality Index	ZUQ*	17.44%	11-05-2014	0.30%	0.92%
Equity	US		S&P 500 Index (Net Dividend, Total Return)	TUED*	25.46%	05-26-2020	0.74%	2.70%
Equity	US	iShares	S&P 500 Index	XUS	17.30%	04-10-2013	0.10%	1.00%
Equity	US	Vanguard	S&P 500 Index	VFV	18.30%	11-30-2011	0.08%%	1.00%
Equity	US	Scotiabank	Solactive GBS United States 500	SITU	NA	10-20-2020	0.05%* Mangement Fee	1.0%%
Equity	International Developed		Solactive GBS Developed Markets ex North America Large & Mid Cap CAD Index (CA NTR)	TPE*	8.29%	03-22-2016	0.19%	1.70%
Equity	International Developed	iShares	MSCI EAFE Investable Market Index	XEF	9.30%	04-10-2013	0.22%	2.10%
Equity	International Developed	Vanguard	Vanguard FTSE Developed All Cap ex U.S. Index ETF (CAD-hedged)	VEF	9.60%	11-30-2011	0.21%%	1.90%
Equity	International Developed	Scotiabank	Solactive GBS Developed Markets ex North America Large & Mid Cap CAD Index	SITI	4.50%	10-20-2020	0.18%	NA
Equity	International Developed	Mackenzie Investments	Solactive GBS Developed Markets ex North America Large & Mid Cap CAD Index	QDX	4.30%	01-24-2018	0.18%	2.00%
Equity	International Emerging	BMO	MSCI Emerging Markets Index	ZEM	5.60%	10-20-2009	0.27%	2.10%
Equity	International Emerging	iShares	MSCI Emerging Markets Investable Market Index	XEC	6.90%	04-10-2013	0.26%	1.60%
Equity	Global		MSCI World ESG Leaders Index	ESGG*	13.58%	01-16-2020	0.25%	1.64%
Equity	Global		MSCI World Index (C$, Net Dividend)	TGED*	15.54%	05-03-2019	0.72%	3.70%
Equity	Global	iShares	MSCI ACWI ex Canada IMI Index	XAW	10.30%	02-10-2015	0.22%	1.30%
Equity	Global	Vanguard	FTSE Global All Cap ex Canada China A Inclusion Index	VXC	11.70%	06-30-2014	0.21%	1.4%%
REITs	NA		Solactive Equal Weight Canada REIT Index	ZRE*	10.50%	05-19-2010	0.61%	4.00%
REITs	NA		MSCI World Real Estate Index* (Net Returns)	TGRE*	9.72%	11-20-2019	0.74%	3.70%
REITs	NA	iShares	S&P TSX Capped REIT Index	XRE	9.60%	11-17-2002	0.61%	3.0%%
REITs	NA	iShares	Cohen & Steers Global Realty Majors Index	CGR	6.5%%	08-26-2008	0.72%	1.70%
REITs	NA	Vanguard	FTSE Canadian Capped REIT Index	VRE	7.20%	02-11-2012	0.38%	2.89%
REITs	NA	Invesco	S&P/TSX Capped REIT Income Index	REIT	9.50%	08-25-2017	0.51%	3.30%
Fixed Income	NA		NA	ZCPB*	3.38%	5-29-2018	0.56%	2.57%
Fixed Income	NA		FTSE Canada Universe Bond Index	TPAY*	1.84%	11-20-2019	0.45%	1.20%
Fixed Income	NA	iShares	FTSE Canada Bond Index	XBB	4.90%	11-20-2001	0.10%	2.60%
Fixed Income	NA	Vanguard	Bloomberg Barclays Global Aggregate Canadian Float Adjusted Bond Index	VAB	3.20%	11-30-2011	0.09%	2.50%
Gold and Commodities	NA		Solactive Equal Weight Global Gold Index	ZGD*	-2.13%	11-14-2012	0.61%	NA
Gold and Commodities	NA	IShares	S&P/TSX Global Gold Index	XGD	6.10%	03-23-2001	0.61%	NA
Gold and Commodities	NA	Purpose Investments	Active Diversified Real Assets	PRA	3.00%	09-03-2013	1.07%	1.30%

Bond sector ETFs

Bonds are held to generate income and mitigate the volatility of a portfolio. You can select from government bonds and corporate bonds. Within the corporate bond category, you can also find higher-yield bonds, but they typically come with higher risk.

Sub-category	Provider	Index	ETF ticker	Annual returns from inception	Inception	MER	Yield
Broad Market / Aggregate		FTSE Canada Universe Bond Index	ZAG*	3.70%	01-19-2010	0.09%	3.07%
Broad Market / Aggregate		Solactive Broad Canadian Bond Universe TR Index	TDB*	2.58%	03-22-2016	0.08	1.00%
Broad Market / Aggregate	Horizons	Solactive Select Canadian Universe Bond Index	HBB	3.10%	05-07-2014	0.01%	NA
Broad Market / Aggregate	Mackenzie Investments	Solactive Canadian Float Adjusted Universe Bond Index	QBB	3.10%	01-29-2018	0.07%	2.90%
Broad Market / Aggregate	Vanguard	Bloomberg Barclays Global Aggregate Canadian Float Adjusted Bond Index	VAB	3.10%	11-30-2011	0.09%	2.60%
Broad Market / Aggregate	Vanguard	Bloomberg Global Aggregate ex-USD Float Adjusted RIC Capped Index (CAD Hedged)	VGB	2.80%	06-30-2014	0.38%	0.60%
Government		FTSE Canada All Government Bond Index	ZGE*	3.44%	03-02-2018	0.17%	2.41%
Government		FTSE Canada Long Term Federal Bond Index	TCLB*	-0.73%	11-19-2019	0.23%	0.70%
Government	CI Global Asset Management	FTSE Canada Short Term Government Bond Index	FGB	1.70%	02-24-2016	0.25%	1.20%
Government	Invesco	FTSE Canada Ultra Liquid Long Term Government Bond Index	PGL	2.60%	06-08-2011	0.28%	5.40%
Government	iShares	FTSE Canada 1-5 Year Laddered Government Bond Index	CLF	2.50%	01-31-2008	0.17%	2.00%
Government	Vanguard	Bloomberg Barclays Global Aggregate Canadian Government Float Adjusted Bond Index	VGV	2.80%	01-31-2017	0.16%	2.40%
Corporate		FTSE Canada All Corporate Bond Index	ZCB*	3.88%	03-02-2018	0.17%	3.14%
Corporate		FTSE Canada Short Term Corporate Bond Index	TCSB*	4.03%	11-08-2018	0.28%	1.20%
Corporate	Fidelity Investments	FTSE Canada Short Term Corporate Bond 5% Capped Index	FCSB	NA	09-20-2019	0.43%	3.70%
Corporate	iShares	Market iBoxx USD Liquid Investment Grade Total Return Index (CAD) Hedged	XIG	5.40%	01-21-2010	0.32%	2.20%
Corporate	Vanguard	Bloomberg Global Aggregate Canadian Government/Credit 1–5 year Float Adjusted Bond Index	VSB	1.90%	30-11-2011	0.11%	2.00%

ESG ETFs

Focusing on environmental, social and governance (ESG) criteria is a growing and very popular trend in ETFs. Investors are able to invest with their personal values and the environment in mind. Companies and fixed-income assets are selected based on their environmental impact and company social and governance factors. You can build your own ESG portfolio by putting together individual equity and fixed-income ETFs. All-in-one ESG asset allocation ETFs are also available.

Sub-category	Provider	Index	ETF ticker	Annual returns from inception	Inception	MER	Yield	Theme or sector
Equity		MSCI World ESG Leaders Index	ESGG*	13.58%	1-16-2020	0.28%	1.64%	Core Global Equity
Equity		Morningstar® Canada Sustainability Extended Index	TMEC*	n/a	11-24-2020	0.11%	2.90%	ESG Canadian Equity
Equity	Horizons	Nasdaq Global Future Sustainability Leaders	ETHI	28.30%	10-31-2018	0.54%	NA	NA
Equity	Desjardins	Desjardins Emerging RI Low Carbon Multifactor Index	DRFE	2.50%	03-07-2019	0.75%	3.90%	NA
Fixed Income		Bloomberg Barclays MSCI Canadian Corporate Sustainability SRI Index	ESGB*	2.27%	01-15-2020	0.17%	2.98%	Interest Income and Yield
Fixed Income	Horizons	S&P Green Bond U.S. Dollar Select Index	HGBB	NA	01-06-2021	0.45% Management Fee	NA	Global Green Bonds
Fixed Income	iShares	NA	XSAB	2.40%	03-18-2019	0.18%	3.50%	Canadian bonds ESG focus
Asset Allocation		NA	ZESG*	9.12%	01-16-2020	0.20%	2.13%	Balanced
Asset Allocation	iShares	NA	GCNS	6.80%	08-02-2020	0.24%		Conservative Diversfied Global ESG Portfolio
Asset Allocation	iShares	NA	GBAL	11.30%	08-02-2020	0.24%	2.00%	Balanced Diversfied Global ESG Portfolio

Asset allocation ETFs

Asset allocation ETFs provide all-in-one portfolio solutions. By way of one low-cost comprehensive ETF, you can hold a globally diversified investment that is managed and rebalanced for you. These ETFs are available at various levels of risk.

Provider	Index	ETF ticker	Annual returns from inception	Inception	MER	Yield	Theme or sector
	Blended	ZBAL*	9.70%	02-15-2019	0.20%	2.42%	Balanced
	10% - FTSE Canada Universe Bond Index 30% - Solactive Canada Broad Market Index (CA NTR) 40% - Solactive US Large Cap CAD Index (CA NTR) 20% - Solactive GBS Developed Markets ex North America Large & Mid Cap CAD Index (CA NTR)	TOCA*	18.97%	08-11-2020	0.28%	1.70%	NA
iShares	Blended	XINC	5.00%	08-07-2019	0.20%	2.40%	Income Global Balanced
iShares	Blended	XCNS	8.10%	08-07-2019	0.20%	2.10%	Conservative Global Balanced
Vanguard	Blended	VCIP	6.30%	1-29-2019	0.25%	1.90%	Conservative Income Global Balanced
Vanguard	Blended	VCNS	5.90%	1-29-2019	0.25%	1.80%	Conservative Global Balanced

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With thematic ETFs, you can invest in transformational new technologies and other very specific themes or niches. There can be incredible opportunities, but thematic ETFs can also carry additional risks. And, while the ETFs reduce single-stock risk, they still leave investors exposed to the risks of a sector.

Provider	Index	ETF ticker	Annual returns from inception	Inception	MER	Yield	Theme or sector
	MSCI ACWI IMI Innovation Index	ZINN*	NA	1-20-2021	0.45%	NA	Growth Equity
	Solactive Global Technology Leaders Index	TEC*	30.04%	5-7-2019	0.39	0.10%	Technology
Evolve ETFs	Solactive Future Cars Index	CARS	27.50%	10-27-2018	0.40% Management Fee	NA	Future Cars
Evolve ETFs	Solactive Global Cyber Security Index Canadian Dollar Hedged	CYBR	24.80%	8-20-2017	0.40% Management Fee	NA	Global Cyber Security
First Trust	First Trust Dow Jones Internet Index	FDN	NA	10-29-2014	0.52%	0.40%	The internet builders
Emerge ETFs	Active	EAAI	47.40%	06-18-2019	1.15%	NA	Artificial intelligence (AI), big data, and cloud.

Sector ETFs

You can purchase ETFs that only hold stocks from a certain sector. For example, you can own financial-, energy- or technology-focused ETFs, to name a few. These ETFs allow you to shape your portfolio’s sector allocation to be more aggressive, more conservative or more prepared for certain economic conditions, such as using consumer staples for a more defensive tilt.

Provider	Index	ETF ticker	Annual returns from inception	Inception	MER	Yield	Theme or sector
	Active	ZMSB*	4.81%	05-29-2018	0.67%	3.17%	Global Fixed Income
	Solactive Global Healthcare Leaders Index (CA NTR)	TDOC*	n/A	04-07-2021	0.39	0.80%	Global Healthcare
Brompton Funds	Active	TLF	3.50%	05-20-2011	.075% Management fee	15.30%	Tech leaders, income enhanced
iShares	S&P/TSX Capped Consumer Staples Index	XST	0.90%	04-12-2011	0.61%	14.60%	NA
iShares	S&P/TSX Capped Energy Index	XEG	3.60%	03-19-2001	0.61%	1.30%	NA
CI Global Asset Management	Active	DGRC	NA	10-19-2017	0.24%	10.40%	Canadian Dividend Growth

Dividend and income ETFs

This type of ETF allows investors to focus on income generated by way of generous dividends and higher bond yields. Enhanced yield can also be created by way of covered call or put writing ETFs.

Sub-category	Provider	Index	ETF ticker	Annual returns from inception	Inception	MER	Yield	Theme or sector
Equity		Active	ZDV*	7.18%	10-21-2011	0.39%	3.96%	Core Canadian Income Equity
Equity		S&P 500 Index (Net Dividend, Total Return)	TUED*	25.46%	05-26-2020	0.74%	2.70%	U.S. Enhanced Divdend
Equity	Vanguard	FTSE Canada High Dividend Yield Index	VDY	9.50%	02-11-2012	0.20%	3.80%	NA
Equity	iShares	S&P/TSX Canadian Dividend Aristocrats Index	CDZ	7.30%	08-10-2006	0.66%	3.00%	NA
Equity	Vanguard	S&P U.S. Dividend Growers Index	VGG	14.40%	02-18-2013	0.30%	1.20%	NA
Equity	Invesco	NASDAQ Select Canadian Dividend Index	PDC	8.80%	06-08-2011	0.56%	3.60%	NA
Enhanced Yield		NA	ZWB*	9.31%	01-28-2011	0.72%	5.63%	Defensive Income Equity
Enhanced Yield		MSCI World Index (C$, Net Dividend)	TGED*	15.54%	05-03-2019	0.72%	3.70%	Global Enhanced Dividend
Enhanced Yield	Hamilton ETFs	Solactive Multi-Sector Covered Call ETFs Index	HDIV	8.50%	07-19-2021	0.65% Management Fee	8.70%	NA
Enhanced Yield	CI Global Asset Management	Active	FHI	11.60%	06-07-2018	0.65% Management Fee	5.80%	Global Healthcare Covered Call
Diversifed Multi Asset		40% - FTSE Canada Universe Bond Index 20% - Solactive Canada Broad Market Index (CA NTR) 25% - Solactive US Large Cap CAD Index (CA NTR) 15% - Solactive GBS Developed Markets ex North America Large & Mid Cap CAD Index (CA NTR)	TOCM*	11.80%	08-11-2020	0.28%	1.40%	One-click ETF
Diversifed Multi Asset	iShares	NA	XTR	4.6%%	09-12-2005	0.62%	5.00%	Diversied High Income
Diversifed Multi Asset	BMO	NA	ZMI	3.80%	01-28-2011	0.20%	5.80%	Diversified Monthly Income

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Most ETFs track an index and are passively managed. For active ETFs, portfolio managers take a different approach: Instead of following the market, they attempt to beat the market, and they may also seek better risk-adjusted returns.

Factor ETFs are rules-based. They use a set of guidelines and rules for equity or bond selection.

Provider	Index	ETF ticker	Annual returns from inception	Inception	MER	Yield	Theme or sector
	NA	ZZZD*	0.69%	1-11-2019	0.75%	4.33%	Tactical Balanced
	MSCI All Countries World Index (“MSCI ACWI”)	TGGR*	25.99	5-26-2020	0.72%	NA	Global Growth
BMO	Active	ZLB	2.40%	10-21-2011	0.39%	13.30%	Canadian Low Volatility
iShares	S&P/TSX Capped Information Technology Index	XIT	8.20%	03-19-2001	0.61%	0.05%	NA
CI Global Asset Management	Active	RIT	10.90%	11-15-2004	0.86%	4.00%	Candian REIT
Hamilton ETFs	Active	HFG	35.10%	06-26-2020	0.75% Management Fee	3.60%	Global banks
RBC	Active	RCE	7.30%	05-01-2015	0.44%	2.90%	Canadian High Quality and High Growth Equity
Ninepoint Partners	Active	NNRG	NA	05-03-2021	NA	NA	Canadian Oil and Gas Producers

Cryptocurrency ETFs

Canada was the first country to offer true bitcoin ETFs—other bitcoin-sharing investments have been available elsewhere, including a trust from Greyscale. You’ll now find bitcoin and ethereum ETFs available from several providers. It’s an exciting asset class that’s gaining more widespread acceptance. But the risks are still great. Be prepared for incredible volatility. Given that, you might consider a very modest allocation, like 1% to 5%.

Cash ETFs

Many investors carry cash balances as they add new money to their accounts. Dividend and bond income can accumulate as well. Through cash ETFs, you can earn at least a little something as you wait to put that money to work.

Provider	ETF ticker	Inception	MER	Yield	Theme or sector
	ZST*	01-28-2011	0.16%	1.94%	Interest Income and Yield
Ninepoint Partners	NSAV	04-26-2021	0.14% Management Fee	0.75%	High Interest Savings
Horizons	HSAV	02-05-2020	0.08%	0.73%	High Interest Savings
CI Global Asset Management	CSAV	06-14-2019	0.14% Management Fee	0.71%	High Interest Savings